Spacing of Immunobiologics

Missed Doses and Boosters

Persons will often forget to return for a follow-up dose of vaccine or booster at the specified time. It is unnecessary in these cases to restart the interrupted series or to add any extra doses. This is true for all vaccines except for the oral typhoid vaccine. Most products require periodic booster doses to maintain protection.

Revaccination (booster) schedules

Vaccine Recommendation
Cholera No longer available in U.S.
Japanese encephalitis Full duration of protection unknown. Neutralizing antibodies may persist at least 2 years after primary immunisation
Hepatitis A (HAV) Booster not recommended for adults and children who complete primary series (2 doses)
Hepatitis B (HBV) Booster doses of vaccine are not recommended for adults and children who completed primary series according to routine schedule.1 Booster is recommended at least 6 months after the start of the accelerated schedule.
Influenza 1 annual dose
Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) 1 dose if measles, mumps, or rubella vaccination history is unreliable and person did not have these illnesses; 2 doses for persons with occupational or other indications
Meningococcal

Quadrivalent A,C, Y, W-135		 Full duration of protection is unknown; immunity may persist at least 3 years in adults
Pneumoccocal (polysaccharide) One-time revaccination 5 years after original dose for persons > 65 years of age or who have immunosuppressive conditions.
Polio (IPV) For adults who have completed primary series, a single lifetime booster
Rabies

Preexposure vaccine		 No serologic testing or boosters recommended for travellers. For persons in higher risk groups, such as rabies laboratory workers, serologic testing and booster doses are recommended. See Table 4–15.
Tetanus/diphtheria (Td) Booster every 10 years
Typhoid Oral Booster every 5 years
Typhoid IM Booster every 2 years
Varicella Booster not recommended after completion of primary series.
Yellow fever Booster every 10 years. Note that there are age-related risks for severe adverse reactions.

1 Booster dosing may be appropriate for certain populations, such as haemodialysis patients

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