CHILBLAINS
Overview
Chilblains (also called perniosis or blain), is a medical condition caused by exposure of skin to damp cold. Small blood vessels below the skin are damaged, but there is no freezing of tissue or numbing, thus distinguishing it from frostbite.
Chilblains do not usually cause permanent injury, but can result in damage if left untreated. Some patients have reported a sensitivity to cold in the affected area, long after the condition has healed.
They are most common in the young and the elderly, and are more likely to occur in women. They can be prevented by keeping the feet and hands warm in cold weather.
A chilblain can chap, crack, or ulcerate; and then is known as a kibe. Chilblains usually heal within 3 weeks.
Symptoms
- Itchy skin inflammation
- Skin redness
- Toe skin inflammation
- Finger skin inflammation
- Earlobe inflammation
Treatment
- Keep area warm
- Avoid scratching
- Anti-itch creams, such as Calamine lotion
- Zambuk ointment
- Nifedipine may be used in more severe or recurrent cases. Its vasodilation helps reduce pain, facilitate healing and prevent recurrences.
Prevention
- Avoid cold exposure
- Wear gloves
- Use warm footwear
- Keep hands and feet warm
- Healthy diet
- Exercise
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